Sub TestArrayFilterVStopWord()
    Const Nm = "Поле1"
    Dim i, j, t, arrRes
    Dim testSize1 As Long: testSize1 = 273000 'строки
    Dim arrV: ReDim arrV(1 To testSize1, 1 To 1)
    'генерируем массив-исходник
    Cells.ClearContents
    arrV(1, 1) = Nm
    For i = 2 To testSize1
        arrV(i, 1) = CLng(Rnd * 273000) & "Test"
    Next
    Cells(1, 1).Resize(UBound(arrV, 1), UBound(arrV, 2)) = arrV
    'генерируем массив условий в Excel, забираем в фильтр
    Dim arrParam: ReDim arrParam(1 To 2, 1 To 2000)
    For i = 1 To 2000
        arrParam(1, i) = Nm: arrParam(2, i) = "<>" & (i + 270000) & "Test"
    Next
    Cells(1, 3).Resize(UBound(arrParam, 1), UBound(arrParam, 2)) = arrParam
 
    'выполняем фильтрацию по 2 тыс. условий
    t = Timer
    Range("A1:A" & testSize1).AdvancedFilter Action:=xlFilterCopy, _
      CriteriaRange:=Range("C1").Resize(2, 2000), CopyToRange:=Range("B1"), Unique:=False
    Debug.Print Timer - t
End Sub

Sub TestArrayFilterVStopWord()
    Dim i, j, t, arrRes, dc, dr, a(), k
    Dim testSize1 As Long: testSize1 = 273000 'строки
    Dim arrV: ReDim arrV(1 To testSize1, 1 To 1)
    'генерируем массив-исходник
    Cells.ClearContents
    For i = 1 To testSize1
        arrV(i, 1) = CLng(Rnd * 273000) & "Test"
    Next
    Cells(1, 1).Resize(UBound(arrV, 1), UBound(arrV, 2)) = arrV
    'генерируем массив условий в Excel, забираем в фильтр
    Set dc = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
    Set dr = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
    For i = 1 To 2000
      dc(i + 270000 & "Test") = 0
    Next
 
    'выполняем фильтрацию по 2 тыс. условий
    t = Timer
    For i = 1 To testSize1
      If Not dc.Exists(arrV(i, 1)) Then dr(i) = arrV(i, 1)
    Next
    Set dc = Nothing
    k = dr.Items: ReDim a(0 To UBound(k), 1 To 1)
    For i = 0 To UBound(k)
      a(i, 1) = k(i)
    Next
    Debug.Print Timer - t
    Cells(1, 2).Resize(UBound(a) + 1, 1) = a
End Sub

select *
from [TEST].[dbo].[table_1] as t1
left join [TEST].[dbo].[table_2] as t2 on t1.[srt] like '%'+t2.[str]+'%'
where t2.[str] is null